核心词组与同义替换（优先记）
forge a relationship
建立关系（forge本意为“锻造/伪造”，引申为努力缔造/建立）
social fabric
社会结构（fabric本意为织物/布料，雅思阅读常考引申义）
cement = strengthen
加固 / 巩固（名词“水泥”动词化）
lumber = timber = log = wood
木材
counterfeit = forge = fake
伪造 / 伪造的 / 赝品
inferior VS superior
次等的 / 低人一等的 VS 高等的 / 优越的
fragile 衍生 fragment
脆弱的（adj.） -> 碎片（n.）
available = accessible
可利用的 / 可获得的（人有空的）
luxurious = extravagant
奢华的 / 铺张的
adorn = decorate = ornament = embellish
装饰 / 点缀
tend to do / tendency
倾向于做… / 倾向 (n.)
prevail in / among sb
在…中普遍存在 / 流行
📘 今日词汇表（易错音标加注）
forge /fɔːdʒ/
v 伪造；建立（关系）；锻造
alloy /ˈælɔɪ/ ⚠️注意重音在最前
n 合金
lead /led/ ⚠️发音特殊
n 铅（注意：作金属“铅”时发音为 /led/，与领导 lead /liːd/ 拼写相同但发音不同）
cement /sɪˈment/ ⚠️重音在后
n 水泥
v 加固 (= strengthen)
lime /laɪm/
n 青柠；石灰（雅思建筑类文章中常考“石灰”之意）
plastic /ˈplæstɪk/
n 塑料
plaster /ˈplɑːstə(r)/
n 灰泥；膏药
fabric /ˈfæbrɪk/
n 织物，布料
knit /nɪt/ ⚠️ k不发音
v 编织 (= weave)（常指织毛衣 sweater）
canvas /ˈkænvəs/
n 画布；帆布（常联系画家 painter）
linen /ˈlɪnɪn/
n 亚麻布
lumber /ˈlʌmbə(r)/
n 木材 (= timber = log)
undermine /ˌʌndəˈmaɪn/
v 削弱；暗中破坏
pit /pɪt/
n 坑；凹陷
lubricate /ˈluːbrɪkeɪt/ ⚠️注意发音
v 润滑
inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriə(r)/
adj 低人一等的；次等的
counterfeit /ˈkaʊntəfɪt/ ⚠️易读错
v/adj/n 伪造（的）；赝品
fragile /ˈfrædʒaɪl/
adj 脆弱的；易碎的
miniature /ˈmɪnətʃə(r)/ ⚠️易读错，注意拼写
adj 微型的
n 微缩模型
available /əˈveɪləbl/
adj 可利用的；有空的 (= accessible)
durable /ˈdjʊərəbl/
adj 耐用的
vogue /vəʊɡ/
n 时髦；时尚
prevail /prɪˈveɪl/
v 普遍存在；流行；占优势
luxury /ˈlʌkʃəri/
n 奢侈（品）
jade /dʒeɪd/
n 玉；翡翠
hairdressing /ˈheədresɪŋ/
n 理发；美发（= haircut）
pigment /ˈpɪɡmənt/
n 颜料；色素（常联系绘画 painting）
📘 今日背诵短文（强化词搭版🔥）
In the world of art restoration, traditional craftsmanship still prevails among experts, despite the modern tendency to use inferior materials like cheap plastic. A highly skilled artisan can forge a strong connection between the past and the present.
For example, when restoring a fragile miniature painting on canvas or linen, experts must carefully choose the right pigment so the restored work does not look like a counterfeit. Sometimes, they work with a specific metal alloy, being careful to avoid toxic lead. If repairing antique furniture, they might use strong lumber and cement to strengthen its base, making it highly durable. They also use plaster and lime to fill in any deep pit on the surface, and lubricate the old hinges to prevent rusting.
In ancient times, it was a vogue to adorn (or embellish) clothing with luxurious and extravagant items like jade. These beautiful accessories were woven into the very fabric of high society. Even everyday practices, from hairdressing styles to the way people would knit their garments, reflected the complex social fabric of the era. Today, authentic materials are less available and accessible, which can undermine the preservation of classical art. However, the dedication of these artisans acts as the cement that holds our cultural history together.