一、自然灾害 & 破坏类词汇 ⭐高频
灾难表达
- ⭐ Catastrophe (n.) / catastrophic (adj.) 灾难 / 灾难性的
- ⭐ Disaster 灾难
- ⭐ Calamity 灾祸（书面）
- ⭐ Mishap = misfortune 小事故
🧠 记忆：
Catastrophe > Disaster > Mishap（严重程度递减）
危及 & 破坏
- ⭐ Jeopardise = endanger = cause harm to ~ 危及
- ⭐ Destroy — destructive 破坏
- ⭐ Ruin — perish 毁灭
- ⭐ Demolish (buildings) 推倒
- ⭐ Undermine 暗中破坏
⚠ 高频写作搭配：
- Jeopardise public safety
- Destructive power
- Demolish illegal buildings
- Undermine stability
二、地理 & 地质系统 ⭐常考阅读
地球结构
- ⭐ Globe — global
- ⭐ Continent — Oceania
- ⭐ Coast — coastal
- ⭐ 差距：gap / gulf / divide
⚠ gulf 既可表示“海湾”，也表示“鸿沟”
地貌
- ⭐ Glacier 冰川
- ⭐ Avalanche 雪崩
- ⭐ Tsunami 海啸
- ⭐ Plain = simple
- ⭐ Ridge 山脊
- ⭐ Wilderness 荒野
- ⭐ Barren / arid VS fertile
🧠 写作高分表达：
- Barren land
- Fertile soil
- Coastal region
地质变化
- ⭐ Deteriorate = aggravate 恶化
- ⭐ Fluctuate 波动
- ⭐ Erode 侵蚀
- ⭐ Precipitate 促使；降水
⚠ 高频考点：
precipitate action = 仓促行动
三、气候 & 天气 ⭐雅思常考
温度
- ⭐ Celsius
- ⭐ Frigid 极冷
- ⭐ Thermal clothes
- ⭐ Moderate
- ⭐ Mild breeze
湿度
- ⭐ Moist / damp / humid
⚠ 区别：
- moist：轻微湿润
- damp：阴湿
- humid：湿热
天气现象
- ⭐ Stormy
- ⭐ Thaw
- ⭐ Tremble = shiver
- ⭐ Sprinkle
- ⭐ Dawn VS dusk
- ⭐ Vapour
- ⭐ Circulate — ventilation
四、生态 & 生物 ⭐高频阅读词汇
生态系统
- ⭐ Ecology — ecosystem
- ⭐ Flora and fauna
- ⭐ Carnivore / herbivore / omnivore
- ⭐ Extinct — extinction
- ⭐ Protect — preserve — conserve
⚠ 高频写作句型：
- Protect endangered species
- Preserve biodiversity
- Conserve natural resources
生物学
- ⭐ Gene mutation
- ⭐ Hybrid
- ⭐ Evolve — evolution
- ⭐ Metabolism
- ⭐ Nutrient — nutritious
微观 vs 宏观
- ⭐ Micro VS macro
- ⭐ Microscope
- ⭐ Germ / bacteria
- ⭐ Epidemic
- ⭐ Intuition = instinct
五、环境污染 & 气候变化 ⭐写作核心词
- ⭐ Emission of greenhouse gas
- ⭐ Contaminate = pollute
- ⭐ Synthetic
- ⭐ Artificial VS natural
- ⭐ Petrol / gasoline / petroleum
- ⭐ Exhaust fume
⚠ 高频搭配：
- Carbon emission
- Greenhouse effect
- Fossil fuel
- Air pollution
六、空间 & 方位表达 ⭐高频写作结构
- ⭐ Vertical VS horizontal
- ⭐ Adjacent = next to
- ⭐ Remote = distant
- ⭐ Rural VS urban
- ⭐ Unparalleled
- ⭐ Inevitable
- ⭐ Irreversible
⚠ 写作黄金表达：
- An irreversible trend
- Inevitable outcome
- Remote areas
七、易混淆专项 ⚠
| 易混词 | 区别 |
|---|---|
| Moist / damp / humid | 湿度程度不同 |
| Destroy / demolish | destroy 范围更广 |
| Efficient / effective | 效率 vs 有效 |
| Considerate / considerable | 体贴 vs 相当大的 |
| Underestimate / overestimate | 低估 vs 高估 |
| Plain / plateau | 平原 vs 高原 |
八、高频写作黄金词汇总结 ⭐⭐⭐
必会表达：
- Jeopardise public health
- Emission of greenhouse gases
- Irreversible damage
- Densely populated area
- Barren land
- Fertile soil
- Preserve biodiversity
- Fluctuate dramatically
- A wide range of
📌 今日核心记忆重点（建议优先掌握）
- Catastrophe / catastrophic
- Jeopardise
- Undermine
- Irreversible
- Emission
- Extinction
- Preserve / conserve
- Fluctuate
- Hybrid
- Contaminate
📘 今日背诵短文（环境治理与逻辑思辨语境🔥）
（导读：这是一个关于城市化进程中，人类如何面对生态危机并寻求解决方案的故事。文中包含了所有逻辑和环境类的高级词汇。）
In many parts of the world, the shift from a rural lifestyle to an urban one has become an irreversible trend. While this development brings economic growth, it often results in an inevitable outcome: the destruction of the environment. If we do not adopt an effective strategy, we may jeopardise public safety on a global scale.
In the coastal region, rapid industrialisation often relies on the consumption of petroleum, which can contaminate local water sources. This pollution has a destructive power that can undermine stability in both human health and the local ecosystem. For example, a high concentration of toxins can disrupt a person’s metabolism and even spark an epidemic. Furthermore, human activities often aggravate the situation; as forests are cleared for buildings, the soil begins to erode, turning once fertile soil into barren land. If the government does not demolish illegal buildings and conserve natural resources, the situation will only deteriorate.
However, our intuition (or instinct) tells us that change is possible. To preserve biodiversity and protect endangered species, we must take considerable measures. We should not precipitate action without a clear plan; instead, we need an efficient management system to ensure that the use of energy does not fluctuate wildly and lead to waste.
Ultimately, we must recognize that we are part of nature. By taking considerate steps today to preserve the world around us, we can ensure that future generations inherit a planet that is healthy and sustainable.